diff --git a/changelog_unreleased/api/17178.md b/changelog_unreleased/api/17178.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7dd5fe243
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog_unreleased/api/17178.md
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#### Stop interpret `*.frag` files as JavaScript files (#17178 by @fisker)
+
+`*.frag` was interpreted as JavaScript files, but `.frag` is also used in GLSL([OpenGL Shading Language](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenGL_Shading_Language)). It causes error when Prettier try to format them as JavaScript files.
+
+Since Prettier main, `*.frag` files except `*.start.frag`, `*.end.frag`, `start.frag`, and `end.frag` no longer treat as JavaScript files.
+
+If you have JavaScript files with `.frag` not match patterns mentioned above, you can config with `overrides`.
+
+```js
+export default {
+  overrides: {
+    files: "**/*.frag",
+    options: {
+      parser: "babel",
+    },
+  },
+};
+```
diff --git a/src/language-js/languages.evaluate.js b/src/language-js/languages.evaluate.js
index 8b32bb0cd..123c44c1d 100644
--- a/src/language-js/languages.evaluate.js
+++ b/src/language-js/languages.evaluate.js
@@ -20,11 +20,22 @@ const languages = [
       "zx",
     ],
     extensions: [
-      ...data.extensions.filter((extension) => extension !== ".jsx"),
+      ...data.extensions.filter(
+        (extension) => extension !== ".jsx" && extension !== ".frag",
+      ),
+      // https://github.com/github-linguist/linguist/issues/7232#issuecomment-2646876469
+      ".start.frag",
+      ".end.frag",
       // WeiXin Script (Weixin Mini Programs)
       // https://developers.weixin.qq.com/miniprogram/en/dev/framework/view/wxs/
       ".wxs",
     ],
+    filenames: [
+      ...data.filenames,
+      // https://github.com/github-linguist/linguist/issues/7232#issuecomment-2646876469
+      "start.frag",
+      "end.frag",
+    ],
   })),
   createLanguage(linguistLanguages.JavaScript, () => ({
     name: "Flow",
diff --git a/tests/integration/__tests__/__snapshots__/support-info.js.snap b/tests/integration/__tests__/__snapshots__/support-info.js.snap
index 3f2d96709..932f2ea47 100644
--- a/tests/integration/__tests__/__snapshots__/support-info.js.snap
+++ b/tests/integration/__tests__/__snapshots__/support-info.js.snap
@@ -415,7 +415,6 @@ exports[`CLI --support-info (stdout) 1`] = `
         ".cjs",
         ".es",
         ".es6",
-        ".frag",
         ".gs",
         ".jake",
         ".javascript",
@@ -433,9 +432,11 @@ exports[`CLI --support-info (stdout) 1`] = `
         ".ssjs",
         ".xsjs",
         ".xsjslib",
+        ".start.frag",
+        ".end.frag",
         ".wxs"
       ],
-      "filenames": ["Jakefile"],
+      "filenames": ["Jakefile", "start.frag", "end.frag"],
       "interpreters": [
         "chakra",
         "d8",