diff --git a/src/common/util.js b/src/common/util.js
deleted file mode 100644
index 2a0c0e3a7..000000000
--- a/src/common/util.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,389 +0,0 @@
-import escapeStringRegexp from "escape-string-regexp";
-import {
-  skip,
-  skipWhitespace,
-  skipSpaces,
-  skipToLineEnd,
-  skipEverythingButNewLine,
-} from "../utils/text/skip.js";
-import skipInlineComment from "../utils/text/skip-inline-comment.js";
-import skipTrailingComment from "../utils/text/skip-trailing-comment.js";
-import skipNewline from "../utils/text/skip-newline.js";
-import getNextNonSpaceNonCommentCharacterIndex from "../utils/text/get-next-non-space-non-comment-character-index.js";
-
-/**
- * @typedef {{backwards?: boolean}} SkipOptions
- */
-
-/**
- * @param {string} text
- * @param {number} startIndex
- * @param {SkipOptions=} options
- * @returns {boolean}
- */
-function hasNewline(text, startIndex, options = {}) {
-  const idx = skipSpaces(
-    text,
-    options.backwards ? startIndex - 1 : startIndex,
-    options
-  );
-  const idx2 = skipNewline(text, idx, options);
-  return idx !== idx2;
-}
-
-/**
- * @param {string} text
- * @param {number} startIndex
- * @param {number} endIndex
- * @returns {boolean}
- */
-function hasNewlineInRange(text, startIndex, endIndex) {
-  for (let i = startIndex; i < endIndex; ++i) {
-    if (text.charAt(i) === "\n") {
-      return true;
-    }
-  }
-  return false;
-}
-
-// Note: this function doesn't ignore leading comments unlike isNextLineEmpty
-/**
- * @param {string} text
- * @param {number} startIndex
- * @returns {boolean}
- */
-function isPreviousLineEmpty(text, startIndex) {
-  /** @type {number | false} */
-  let idx = startIndex - 1;
-  idx = skipSpaces(text, idx, { backwards: true });
-  idx = skipNewline(text, idx, { backwards: true });
-  idx = skipSpaces(text, idx, { backwards: true });
-  const idx2 = skipNewline(text, idx, { backwards: true });
-  return idx !== idx2;
-}
-
-/**
- * @param {string} text
- * @param {number} startIndex
- * @returns {boolean}
- */
-function isNextLineEmpty(text, startIndex) {
-  /** @type {number | false} */
-  let oldIdx = null;
-  /** @type {number | false} */
-  let idx = startIndex;
-  while (idx !== oldIdx) {
-    // We need to skip all the potential trailing inline comments
-    oldIdx = idx;
-    idx = skipToLineEnd(text, idx);
-    idx = skipInlineComment(text, idx);
-    idx = skipSpaces(text, idx);
-  }
-  idx = skipTrailingComment(text, idx);
-  idx = skipNewline(text, idx);
-  return idx !== false && hasNewline(text, idx);
-}
-
-/**
- * @param {string} text
- * @param {number} startIndex
- * @returns {string}
- */
-function getNextNonSpaceNonCommentCharacter(text, startIndex) {
-  const index = getNextNonSpaceNonCommentCharacterIndex(text, startIndex);
-  return index === false ? "" : text.charAt(index);
-}
-
-// Not using, but it's public utils
-/* c8 ignore start */
-/**
- * @param {string} text
- * @param {number} startIndex
- * @param {SkipOptions=} options
- * @returns {boolean}
- */
-function hasSpaces(text, startIndex, options = {}) {
-  const idx = skipSpaces(
-    text,
-    options.backwards ? startIndex - 1 : startIndex,
-    options
-  );
-  return idx !== startIndex;
-}
-/* c8 ignore stop */
-
-/**
- * @param {string} text
- * @param {number} tabWidth
- * @param {number=} startIndex
- * @returns {number}
- */
-function getAlignmentSize(text, tabWidth, startIndex = 0) {
-  let size = 0;
-  for (let i = startIndex; i < text.length; ++i) {
-    if (text[i] === "\t") {
-      // Tabs behave in a way that they are aligned to the nearest
-      // multiple of tabWidth:
-      // 0 -> 4, 1 -> 4, 2 -> 4, 3 -> 4
-      // 4 -> 8, 5 -> 8, 6 -> 8, 7 -> 8 ...
-      size = size + tabWidth - (size % tabWidth);
-    } else {
-      size++;
-    }
-  }
-
-  return size;
-}
-
-/**
- * @param {string} value
- * @param {number} tabWidth
- * @returns {number}
- */
-function getIndentSize(value, tabWidth) {
-  const lastNewlineIndex = value.lastIndexOf("\n");
-  /* c8 ignore next 3 */
-  if (lastNewlineIndex === -1) {
-    return 0;
-  }
-
-  return getAlignmentSize(
-    // All the leading whitespaces
-    value.slice(lastNewlineIndex + 1).match(/^[\t ]*/)[0],
-    tabWidth
-  );
-}
-
-/**
- * @typedef {'"' | "'"} Quote
- */
-
-/**
- *
- * @param {string} rawContent
- * @param {Quote} preferredQuote
- * @returns {{ quote: Quote, regex: RegExp, escaped: string }}
- */
-
-function getPreferredQuote(rawContent, preferredQuote) {
-  /** @type {{ quote: '"', regex: RegExp, escaped: "&quot;" }} */
-  const double = { quote: '"', regex: /"/g, escaped: "&quot;" };
-  /** @type {{ quote: "'", regex: RegExp, escaped: "&apos;" }} */
-  const single = { quote: "'", regex: /'/g, escaped: "&apos;" };
-
-  const preferred = preferredQuote === "'" ? single : double;
-  const alternate = preferred === single ? double : single;
-
-  let result = preferred;
-
-  // If `rawContent` contains at least one of the quote preferred for enclosing
-  // the string, we might want to enclose with the alternate quote instead, to
-  // minimize the number of escaped quotes.
-  if (
-    rawContent.includes(preferred.quote) ||
-    rawContent.includes(alternate.quote)
-  ) {
-    const numPreferredQuotes = (rawContent.match(preferred.regex) || []).length;
-    const numAlternateQuotes = (rawContent.match(alternate.regex) || []).length;
-
-    result = numPreferredQuotes > numAlternateQuotes ? alternate : preferred;
-  }
-
-  return result;
-}
-
-function printString(raw, options) {
-  // `rawContent` is the string exactly like it appeared in the input source
-  // code, without its enclosing quotes.
-  const rawContent = raw.slice(1, -1);
-
-  /** @type {Quote} */
-  const enclosingQuote =
-    options.parser === "json" ||
-    (options.parser === "json5" &&
-      options.quoteProps === "preserve" &&
-      !options.singleQuote)
-      ? '"'
-      : options.__isInHtmlAttribute
-      ? "'"
-      : getPreferredQuote(rawContent, options.singleQuote ? "'" : '"').quote;
-
-  // It might sound unnecessary to use `makeString` even if the string already
-  // is enclosed with `enclosingQuote`, but it isn't. The string could contain
-  // unnecessary escapes (such as in `"\'"`). Always using `makeString` makes
-  // sure that we consistently output the minimum amount of escaped quotes.
-  return makeString(
-    rawContent,
-    enclosingQuote,
-    !(
-      options.parser === "css" ||
-      options.parser === "less" ||
-      options.parser === "scss" ||
-      options.__embeddedInHtml
-    )
-  );
-}
-
-/**
- * @param {string} rawText
- * @param {Quote} enclosingQuote
- * @param {boolean=} unescapeUnnecessaryEscapes
- * @returns {string}
- */
-function makeString(rawText, enclosingQuote, unescapeUnnecessaryEscapes) {
-  const otherQuote = enclosingQuote === '"' ? "'" : '"';
-
-  // Matches _any_ escape and unescaped quotes (both single and double).
-  const regex = /\\(.)|(["'])/gs;
-
-  // Escape and unescape single and double quotes as needed to be able to
-  // enclose `rawText` with `enclosingQuote`.
-  const raw = rawText.replaceAll(regex, (match, escaped, quote) => {
-    // If we matched an escape, and the escaped character is a quote of the
-    // other type than we intend to enclose the string with, there's no need for
-    // it to be escaped, so return it _without_ the backslash.
-    if (escaped === otherQuote) {
-      return escaped;
-    }
-
-    // If we matched an unescaped quote and it is of the _same_ type as we
-    // intend to enclose the string with, it must be escaped, so return it with
-    // a backslash.
-    if (quote === enclosingQuote) {
-      return "\\" + quote;
-    }
-
-    if (quote) {
-      return quote;
-    }
-
-    // Unescape any unnecessarily escaped character.
-    // Adapted from https://github.com/eslint/eslint/blob/de0b4ad7bd820ade41b1f606008bea68683dc11a/lib/rules/no-useless-escape.js#L27
-    return unescapeUnnecessaryEscapes &&
-      /^[^\n\r"'0-7\\bfnrt-vx\u2028\u2029]$/.test(escaped)
-      ? escaped
-      : "\\" + escaped;
-  });
-
-  return enclosingQuote + raw + enclosingQuote;
-}
-
-function printNumber(rawNumber) {
-  return (
-    rawNumber
-      .toLowerCase()
-      // Remove unnecessary plus and zeroes from scientific notation.
-      .replace(/^([+-]?[\d.]+e)(?:\+|(-))?0*(?=\d)/, "$1$2")
-      // Remove unnecessary scientific notation (1e0).
-      .replace(/^([+-]?[\d.]+)e[+-]?0+$/, "$1")
-      // Make sure numbers always start with a digit.
-      .replace(/^([+-])?\./, "$10.")
-      // Remove extraneous trailing decimal zeroes.
-      .replace(/(\.\d+?)0+(?=e|$)/, "$1")
-      // Remove trailing dot.
-      .replace(/\.(?=e|$)/, "")
-  );
-}
-
-/**
- * @param {string} text
- * @param {string} searchString
- * @returns {number}
- */
-function getMaxContinuousCount(text, searchString) {
-  const results = text.match(
-    new RegExp(`(${escapeStringRegexp(searchString)})+`, "g")
-  );
-
-  if (results === null) {
-    return 0;
-  }
-
-  return results.reduce(
-    (maxCount, result) =>
-      Math.max(maxCount, result.length / searchString.length),
-    0
-  );
-}
-
-/**
- * @param {string} text
- * @param {string} searchString
- * @returns {number}
- */
-function getMinNotPresentContinuousCount(text, searchString) {
-  const matches = text.match(
-    new RegExp(`(${escapeStringRegexp(searchString)})+`, "g")
-  );
-
-  if (matches === null) {
-    return 0;
-  }
-
-  const countPresent = new Map();
-  let max = 0;
-
-  for (const match of matches) {
-    const count = match.length / searchString.length;
-    countPresent.set(count, true);
-    if (count > max) {
-      max = count;
-    }
-  }
-
-  for (let i = 1; i < max; i++) {
-    if (!countPresent.get(i)) {
-      return i;
-    }
-  }
-
-  return max + 1;
-}
-
-function isFrontMatterNode(node) {
-  return node?.type === "front-matter";
-}
-
-/**
- * @param {string} description
- * @returns {(node: any) => symbol}
- */
-function createGroupIdMapper(description) {
-  const groupIds = new WeakMap();
-  return function (node) {
-    if (!groupIds.has(node)) {
-      groupIds.set(node, Symbol(description));
-    }
-    return groupIds.get(node);
-  };
-}
-
-export {
-  getMaxContinuousCount,
-  getMinNotPresentContinuousCount,
-  getNextNonSpaceNonCommentCharacterIndex,
-  getNextNonSpaceNonCommentCharacter,
-  skip,
-  skipWhitespace,
-  skipSpaces,
-  skipToLineEnd,
-  skipEverythingButNewLine,
-  skipInlineComment,
-  skipTrailingComment,
-  skipNewline,
-  isNextLineEmpty,
-  isPreviousLineEmpty,
-  hasNewline,
-  hasNewlineInRange,
-  hasSpaces,
-  getAlignmentSize,
-  getIndentSize,
-  getPreferredQuote,
-  printString,
-  printNumber,
-  makeString,
-  isFrontMatterNode,
-  createGroupIdMapper,
-};
-export { default as isNonEmptyArray } from "../utils/is-non-empty-array.js";
-export { default as getStringWidth } from "../utils/get-string-width.js";
diff --git a/src/index.cjs b/src/index.cjs
index 1f1659a40..818a95393 100644
--- a/src/index.cjs
+++ b/src/index.cjs
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ for (const name of debugApiFunctionNames) {
 prettier.__debug = debugApis;
 
 if (process.env.NODE_ENV === "production") {
-  prettier.util = require("./common/util-shared.js");
+  prettier.util = require("./utils/public.js");
   prettier.doc = require("./document/index.js");
 } else {
   Object.defineProperties(prettier, {
diff --git a/src/index.js b/src/index.js
index 0f444fc83..970dba735 100644
--- a/src/index.js
+++ b/src/index.js
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ import { hiddenDefaults as optionsHiddenDefaults } from "./main/options.js";
 import normalizeOptions from "./main/options-normalizer.js";
 import arrayify from "./utils/arrayify.js";
 import partition from "./utils/partition.js";
-import { isNonEmptyArray } from "./common/util.js";
+import isNonEmptyArray from "./utils/is-non-empty-array.js";
 
 const builtinPlugins = Object.values(languages);
 
@@ -110,6 +110,6 @@ export {
   sharedWithCli as __internal,
   debugApis as __debug,
 };
-export * as util from "./common/util-shared.js";
+export * as util from "./utils/public.js";
 export * as doc from "./document/index.js";
 export { default as version } from "./main/version.evaluate.cjs";
diff --git a/src/language-css/clean.js b/src/language-css/clean.js
index 4b5658197..314c76766 100644
--- a/src/language-css/clean.js
+++ b/src/language-css/clean.js
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { isFrontMatterNode } from "../common/util.js";
+import isFrontMatter from "../utils/front-matter/is-front-matter.js";
 
 const ignoredProperties = new Set([
   "raw", // front-matter
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ const ignoredProperties = new Set([
 ]);
 
 function clean(ast, newObj, parent) {
-  if (isFrontMatterNode(ast) && ast.lang === "yaml") {
+  if (isFrontMatter(ast) && ast.lang === "yaml") {
     delete newObj.value;
   }
 
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ function clean(ast, newObj, parent) {
     // first non-front-matter comment
     if (
       parent.nodes[0] === ast ||
-      (isFrontMatterNode(parent.nodes[0]) && parent.nodes[1] === ast)
+      (isFrontMatter(parent.nodes[0]) && parent.nodes[1] === ast)
     ) {
       /**
        * something
diff --git a/src/language-css/loc.js b/src/language-css/loc.js
index 2cf488c35..77c2f3408 100644
--- a/src/language-css/loc.js
+++ b/src/language-css/loc.js
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { skipEverythingButNewLine } from "../utils/text/skip.js";
+import { skipEverythingButNewLine } from "../utils/skip.js";
 import isNonEmptyArray from "../utils/is-non-empty-array.js";
 import lineColumnToIndex from "../utils/line-column-to-index.js";
 
diff --git a/src/language-css/printer-postcss.js b/src/language-css/printer-postcss.js
index b57e4d1ed..2db2bc126 100644
--- a/src/language-css/printer-postcss.js
+++ b/src/language-css/printer-postcss.js
@@ -1,11 +1,9 @@
-import {
-  printNumber,
-  printString,
-  hasNewline,
-  isFrontMatterNode,
-  isNextLineEmpty,
-  isNonEmptyArray,
-} from "../common/util.js";
+import printNumber from "../utils/print-number.js";
+import printString from "../utils/print-string.js";
+import hasNewline from "../utils/has-newline.js";
+import isFrontMatter from "../utils/front-matter/is-front-matter.js";
+import isNextLineEmpty from "../utils/is-next-line-empty.js";
+import isNonEmptyArray from "../utils/is-non-empty-array.js";
 import {
   join,
   line,
@@ -1100,7 +1098,7 @@ function printNodeSequence(path, options, print) {
         !hasNewline(options.originalText, locStart(next), {
           backwards: true,
         }) &&
-        !isFrontMatterNode(node)) ||
+        !isFrontMatter(node)) ||
       (next.type === "css-atrule" &&
         next.name === "else" &&
         node.type !== "css-comment")
@@ -1110,7 +1108,7 @@ function printNodeSequence(path, options, print) {
       parts.push(options.__isHTMLStyleAttribute ? line : hardline);
       if (
         isNextLineEmpty(options.originalText, locEnd(node)) &&
-        !isFrontMatterNode(node)
+        !isFrontMatter(node)
       ) {
         parts.push(hardline);
       }
diff --git a/src/language-graphql/printer-graphql.js b/src/language-graphql/printer-graphql.js
index 32d638127..a92ecb73d 100644
--- a/src/language-graphql/printer-graphql.js
+++ b/src/language-graphql/printer-graphql.js
@@ -7,7 +7,8 @@ import {
   indent,
   ifBreak,
 } from "../document/builders.js";
-import { isNextLineEmpty, isNonEmptyArray } from "../common/util.js";
+import isNextLineEmpty from "../utils/is-next-line-empty.js";
+import isNonEmptyArray from "../utils/is-non-empty-array.js";
 import UnexpectedNodeError from "../utils/unexpected-node-error.js";
 import { insertPragma } from "./pragma.js";
 import { locStart, locEnd } from "./loc.js";
diff --git a/src/language-handlebars/printer-glimmer.js b/src/language-handlebars/printer-glimmer.js
index 5169dd221..41c7d0ad6 100644
--- a/src/language-handlebars/printer-glimmer.js
+++ b/src/language-handlebars/printer-glimmer.js
@@ -10,7 +10,8 @@ import {
   softline,
 } from "../document/builders.js";
 import { replaceEndOfLine } from "../document/utils.js";
-import { getPreferredQuote, isNonEmptyArray } from "../common/util.js";
+import getPreferredQuote from "../utils/get-preferred-quote.js";
+import isNonEmptyArray from "../utils/is-non-empty-array.js";
 import UnexpectedNodeError from "../utils/unexpected-node-error.js";
 import { locStart, locEnd } from "./loc.js";
 import clean from "./clean.js";
@@ -686,7 +687,7 @@ function generateHardlines(number = 0) {
 
 /* StringLiteral print helpers */
 
-/** @typedef {import("../common/util.js").Quote} Quote */
+/** @typedef {import("../utils/get-preferred-quote.js").Quote} Quote */
 
 /**
  * Prints a string literal with the correct surrounding quotes based on
diff --git a/src/language-html/clean.js b/src/language-html/clean.js
index 1a3ab5afe..7734924e4 100644
--- a/src/language-html/clean.js
+++ b/src/language-html/clean.js
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { isFrontMatterNode } from "../common/util.js";
+import isFrontMatter from "../utils/front-matter/is-front-matter.js";
 
 const ignoredProperties = new Set([
   "sourceSpan",
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ function clean(ast, newNode) {
   }
 
   // may be formatted by multiparser
-  if (isFrontMatterNode(ast) || ast.type === "yaml" || ast.type === "toml") {
+  if (isFrontMatter(ast) || ast.type === "yaml" || ast.type === "toml") {
     return null;
   }
 
diff --git a/src/language-html/print/tag.js b/src/language-html/print/tag.js
index ff600be76..0a51407d6 100644
--- a/src/language-html/print/tag.js
+++ b/src/language-html/print/tag.js
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
  */
 
 import assert from "node:assert";
-import { isNonEmptyArray } from "../../common/util.js";
+import isNonEmptyArray from "../../utils/is-non-empty-array.js";
 import {
   indent,
   join,
diff --git a/src/language-html/utils/index.js b/src/language-html/utils/index.js
index de6f4b73f..3d57ceb8a 100644
--- a/src/language-html/utils/index.js
+++ b/src/language-html/utils/index.js
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
  * @typedef {import("../../common/ast-path.js").default} AstPath
  */
 
-import { isFrontMatterNode } from "../../common/util.js";
+import isFrontMatter from "../../utils/front-matter/is-front-matter.js";
 import inferParserByLanguage from "../../utils/infer-parser-by-language.js";
 import { line, hardline, join } from "../../document/builders.js";
 import { replaceEndOfLine } from "../../document/utils.js";
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ function isLeadingSpaceSensitiveNode(node, options) {
   return isLeadingSpaceSensitive;
 
   function _isLeadingSpaceSensitiveNode() {
-    if (isFrontMatterNode(node)) {
+    if (isFrontMatter(node)) {
       return false;
     }
 
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ function isLeadingSpaceSensitiveNode(node, options) {
 }
 
 function isTrailingSpaceSensitiveNode(node, options) {
-  if (isFrontMatterNode(node)) {
+  if (isFrontMatter(node)) {
     return false;
   }
 
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ function isDanglingSpaceSensitiveNode(node) {
 
 function forceNextEmptyLine(node) {
   return (
-    isFrontMatterNode(node) ||
+    isFrontMatter(node) ||
     (node.next &&
       node.sourceSpan.end &&
       node.sourceSpan.end.line + 1 < node.next.sourceSpan.start.line)
diff --git a/src/language-js/comments/handle-comments.js b/src/language-js/comments/handle-comments.js
index bd8b7c2cb..f2c717301 100644
--- a/src/language-js/comments/handle-comments.js
+++ b/src/language-js/comments/handle-comments.js
@@ -1,10 +1,8 @@
-import {
-  hasNewline,
-  getNextNonSpaceNonCommentCharacterIndex,
-  getNextNonSpaceNonCommentCharacter,
-  hasNewlineInRange,
-  isNonEmptyArray,
-} from "../../common/util.js";
+import hasNewline from "../../utils/has-newline.js";
+import getNextNonSpaceNonCommentCharacter from "../../utils/get-next-non-space-non-comment-character.js";
+import getNextNonSpaceNonCommentCharacterIndex from "../../utils/get-next-non-space-non-comment-character-index.js";
+import hasNewlineInRange from "../../utils/has-newline-in-range.js";
+import isNonEmptyArray from "../../utils/is-non-empty-array.js";
 import {
   addLeadingComment,
   addTrailingComment,
diff --git a/src/language-js/embed/css.js b/src/language-js/embed/css.js
index 254cffee1..1838986ab 100644
--- a/src/language-js/embed/css.js
+++ b/src/language-js/embed/css.js
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { isNonEmptyArray } from "../../common/util.js";
+import isNonEmptyArray from "../../utils/is-non-empty-array.js";
 import { indent, hardline, softline } from "../../document/builders.js";
 import { mapDoc, replaceEndOfLine, cleanDoc } from "../../document/utils.js";
 import { printTemplateExpressions } from "../print/template-literal.js";
diff --git a/src/language-js/parse/babel.js b/src/language-js/parse/babel.js
index 95dc65492..ce71094a2 100644
--- a/src/language-js/parse/babel.js
+++ b/src/language-js/parse/babel.js
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import tryCombinations from "../../utils/try-combinations.js";
 import getShebang from "../utils/get-shebang.js";
-import getNextNonSpaceNonCommentCharacterIndex from "../../utils/text/get-next-non-space-non-comment-character-index.js";
+import getNextNonSpaceNonCommentCharacterIndex from "../../utils/get-next-non-space-non-comment-character-index.js";
 // JSON parsers are bundled here so we can reduce package size
 import jsonParsers from "../../language-json/parser-json.js";
 import createParser from "./utils/create-parser.js";
diff --git a/src/language-js/print/array.js b/src/language-js/print/array.js
index e0a5d5be2..36ab8d56e 100644
--- a/src/language-js/print/array.js
+++ b/src/language-js/print/array.js
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import {
   ifBreak,
   fill,
 } from "../../document/builders.js";
-import { hasNewline } from "../../common/util.js";
+import hasNewline from "../../utils/has-newline.js";
 import {
   shouldPrintComma,
   hasComment,
diff --git a/src/language-js/print/assignment.js b/src/language-js/print/assignment.js
index 91e4c0414..7907c6763 100644
--- a/src/language-js/print/assignment.js
+++ b/src/language-js/print/assignment.js
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-import { isNonEmptyArray, getStringWidth } from "../../common/util.js";
+import isNonEmptyArray from "../../utils/is-non-empty-array.js";
+import getStringWidth from "../../utils/get-string-width.js";
 import {
   line,
   group,
diff --git a/src/language-js/print/block.js b/src/language-js/print/block.js
index 996701ffc..5fec3b4ab 100644
--- a/src/language-js/print/block.js
+++ b/src/language-js/print/block.js
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { printDanglingComments } from "../../main/comments/print.js";
-import { isNonEmptyArray } from "../../common/util.js";
+import isNonEmptyArray from "../../utils/is-non-empty-array.js";
 import { hardline, indent } from "../../document/builders.js";
 import {
   hasComment,
diff --git a/src/language-js/print/class.js b/src/language-js/print/class.js
index 28b5c7836..1bf386656 100644
--- a/src/language-js/print/class.js
+++ b/src/language-js/print/class.js
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-import { isNonEmptyArray, createGroupIdMapper } from "../../common/util.js";
+import isNonEmptyArray from "../../utils/is-non-empty-array.js";
+import createGroupIdMapper from "../../utils/create-group-id-mapper.js";
 import {
   printComments,
   printDanglingComments,
diff --git a/src/language-js/print/decorators.js b/src/language-js/print/decorators.js
index 8d97ed937..1c4f5602e 100644
--- a/src/language-js/print/decorators.js
+++ b/src/language-js/print/decorators.js
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-import { isNonEmptyArray, hasNewline } from "../../common/util.js";
+import isNonEmptyArray from "../../utils/is-non-empty-array.js";
+import hasNewline from "../../utils/has-newline.js";
 import {
   line,
   hardline,
diff --git a/src/language-js/print/flow.js b/src/language-js/print/flow.js
index d715e4136..7adc8a876 100644
--- a/src/language-js/print/flow.js
+++ b/src/language-js/print/flow.js
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 /** @typedef {import("../../document/builders.js").Doc} Doc */
 
 import assert from "node:assert";
-import { printString, printNumber } from "../../common/util.js";
+import printString from "../../utils/print-string.js";
+import printNumber from "../../utils/print-number.js";
 import { replaceEndOfLine } from "../../document/utils.js";
 import UnexpectedNodeError from "../../utils/unexpected-node-error.js";
 import {
diff --git a/src/language-js/print/function-parameters.js b/src/language-js/print/function-parameters.js
index 90786560f..b449f25fa 100644
--- a/src/language-js/print/function-parameters.js
+++ b/src/language-js/print/function-parameters.js
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { getNextNonSpaceNonCommentCharacter } from "../../common/util.js";
+import getNextNonSpaceNonCommentCharacter from "../../utils/get-next-non-space-non-comment-character.js";
 import { printDanglingComments } from "../../main/comments/print.js";
 import {
   line,
diff --git a/src/language-js/print/function.js b/src/language-js/print/function.js
index ec2f96412..3a40deac3 100644
--- a/src/language-js/print/function.js
+++ b/src/language-js/print/function.js
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import {
   printDanglingComments,
   printCommentsSeparately,
 } from "../../main/comments/print.js";
-import { getNextNonSpaceNonCommentCharacterIndex } from "../../common/util.js";
+import getNextNonSpaceNonCommentCharacterIndex from "../../utils/get-next-non-space-non-comment-character-index.js";
 import {
   line,
   softline,
diff --git a/src/language-js/print/interface.js b/src/language-js/print/interface.js
index accf78316..25e9334cc 100644
--- a/src/language-js/print/interface.js
+++ b/src/language-js/print/interface.js
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { isNonEmptyArray } from "../../common/util.js";
+import isNonEmptyArray from "../../utils/is-non-empty-array.js";
 import { join, line, group, indent, ifBreak } from "../../document/builders.js";
 import { hasComment, identity, CommentCheckFlags } from "../utils/index.js";
 import { getTypeParametersGroupId } from "./type-parameters.js";
diff --git a/src/language-js/print/jsx.js b/src/language-js/print/jsx.js
index 5d5ceef6b..9a696dfa8 100644
--- a/src/language-js/print/jsx.js
+++ b/src/language-js/print/jsx.js
@@ -16,8 +16,7 @@ import {
 } from "../../document/builders.js";
 import { willBreak, replaceEndOfLine } from "../../document/utils.js";
 import UnexpectedNodeError from "../../utils/unexpected-node-error.js";
-
-import { getPreferredQuote } from "../../common/util.js";
+import getPreferredQuote from "../../utils/get-preferred-quote.js";
 import {
   isJsxElement,
   rawText,
diff --git a/src/language-js/print/literal.js b/src/language-js/print/literal.js
index ce088555d..2bc3be42e 100644
--- a/src/language-js/print/literal.js
+++ b/src/language-js/print/literal.js
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-import { printString, printNumber } from "../../common/util.js";
+import printString from "../../utils/print-string.js";
+import printNumber from "../../utils/print-number.js";
 import { replaceEndOfLine } from "../../document/utils.js";
 import { printDirective } from "./misc.js";
 
diff --git a/src/language-js/print/member-chain.js b/src/language-js/print/member-chain.js
index 139d6d970..f5cece850 100644
--- a/src/language-js/print/member-chain.js
+++ b/src/language-js/print/member-chain.js
@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 import { printComments } from "../../main/comments/print.js";
-import {
-  isNextLineEmpty as isNextLineEmptyAfterIndex,
-  getNextNonSpaceNonCommentCharacterIndex,
-} from "../../common/util.js";
+import isNextLineEmptyAfterIndex from "../../utils/is-next-line-empty.js";
+import getNextNonSpaceNonCommentCharacterIndex from "../../utils/get-next-non-space-non-comment-character-index.js";
 import pathNeedsParens from "../needs-parens.js";
 import {
   isCallExpression,
diff --git a/src/language-js/print/module.js b/src/language-js/print/module.js
index 7b3e81fa9..dba85ec4f 100644
--- a/src/language-js/print/module.js
+++ b/src/language-js/print/module.js
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { isNonEmptyArray } from "../../common/util.js";
+import isNonEmptyArray from "../../utils/is-non-empty-array.js";
 import UnexpectedNodeError from "../../utils/unexpected-node-error.js";
 import {
   softline,
diff --git a/src/language-js/print/object.js b/src/language-js/print/object.js
index 437c664aa..4122a8d4a 100644
--- a/src/language-js/print/object.js
+++ b/src/language-js/print/object.js
@@ -7,11 +7,9 @@ import {
   ifBreak,
   hardline,
 } from "../../document/builders.js";
-import {
-  hasNewlineInRange,
-  hasNewline,
-  isNonEmptyArray,
-} from "../../common/util.js";
+import hasNewlineInRange from "../../utils/has-newline-in-range.js";
+import hasNewline from "../../utils/has-newline.js";
+import isNonEmptyArray from "../../utils/is-non-empty-array.js";
 import {
   shouldPrintComma,
   hasComment,
diff --git a/src/language-js/print/property.js b/src/language-js/print/property.js
index eface35b7..36f19e55d 100644
--- a/src/language-js/print/property.js
+++ b/src/language-js/print/property.js
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { printComments } from "../../main/comments/print.js";
-import { printString, printNumber } from "../../common/util.js";
+import printString from "../../utils/print-string.js";
+import printNumber from "../../utils/print-number.js";
 import {
   isNumericLiteral,
   isSimpleNumber,
diff --git a/src/language-js/print/template-literal.js b/src/language-js/print/template-literal.js
index c99ddc3c6..c4c868b17 100644
--- a/src/language-js/print/template-literal.js
+++ b/src/language-js/print/template-literal.js
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-import { getStringWidth, getIndentSize } from "../../common/util.js";
+import getStringWidth from "../../utils/get-string-width.js";
+import getIndentSize from "../../utils/get-indent-size.js";
 import {
   join,
   hardline,
diff --git a/src/language-js/print/ternary.js b/src/language-js/print/ternary.js
index 4de1be574..5d842de2f 100644
--- a/src/language-js/print/ternary.js
+++ b/src/language-js/print/ternary.js
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { hasNewlineInRange } from "../../common/util.js";
+import hasNewlineInRange from "../../utils/has-newline-in-range.js";
 import {
   isJsxElement,
   isCallExpression,
diff --git a/src/language-js/print/type-parameters.js b/src/language-js/print/type-parameters.js
index c135d892a..4e24ee86b 100644
--- a/src/language-js/print/type-parameters.js
+++ b/src/language-js/print/type-parameters.js
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ import {
   isObjectType,
   getTypeScriptMappedTypeModifier,
 } from "../utils/index.js";
-import { createGroupIdMapper } from "../../common/util.js";
+import createGroupIdMapper from "../../utils/create-group-id-mapper.js";
 import {
   printTypeAnnotationProperty,
   shouldHugType,
diff --git a/src/language-js/print/typescript.js b/src/language-js/print/typescript.js
index 0824029e3..30b185b3f 100644
--- a/src/language-js/print/typescript.js
+++ b/src/language-js/print/typescript.js
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { printDanglingComments } from "../../main/comments/print.js";
-import { hasNewlineInRange } from "../../common/util.js";
+import hasNewlineInRange from "../../utils/has-newline-in-range.js";
 import {
   join,
   line,
diff --git a/src/language-js/printer-estree.js b/src/language-js/printer-estree.js
index da6b1c44f..dbe0269fe 100644
--- a/src/language-js/printer-estree.js
+++ b/src/language-js/printer-estree.js
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 // TODO(azz): anything that imports from main shouldn't be in a `language-*` dir.
 import { printDanglingComments } from "../main/comments/print.js";
-import { hasNewline } from "../common/util.js";
+import hasNewline from "../utils/has-newline.js";
 import {
   join,
   line,
diff --git a/src/language-js/utils/index.js b/src/language-js/utils/index.js
index 2b021cbb4..dfee8e933 100644
--- a/src/language-js/utils/index.js
+++ b/src/language-js/utils/index.js
@@ -1,10 +1,8 @@
 import isEs5IdentifierName from "@prettier/is-es5-identifier-name";
-import {
-  hasNewline,
-  isNonEmptyArray,
-  isNextLineEmpty as isNextLineEmptyAfterIndex,
-  getStringWidth,
-} from "../../common/util.js";
+import hasNewline from "../../utils/has-newline.js";
+import isNonEmptyArray from "../../utils/is-non-empty-array.js";
+import isNextLineEmptyAfterIndex from "../../utils/is-next-line-empty.js";
+import getStringWidth from "../../utils/get-string-width.js";
 import { locStart, locEnd, hasSameLocStart } from "../loc.js";
 import getVisitorKeys from "../traverse/get-visitor-keys.js";
 import isBlockComment from "./is-block-comment.js";
diff --git a/src/language-markdown/clean.js b/src/language-markdown/clean.js
index f92e31210..c9e663b1c 100644
--- a/src/language-markdown/clean.js
+++ b/src/language-markdown/clean.js
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import collapseWhiteSpace from "collapse-white-space";
-import { isFrontMatterNode } from "../common/util.js";
+import isFrontMatter from "../utils/front-matter/is-front-matter.js";
 import { startWithPragma } from "./pragma.js";
 
 const ignoredProperties = new Set([
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ function clean(ast, newObj, parent) {
     parent?.type === "root" &&
     parent.children.length > 0 &&
     (parent.children[0] === ast ||
-      (isFrontMatterNode(parent.children[0]) && parent.children[1] === ast)) &&
+      (isFrontMatter(parent.children[0]) && parent.children[1] === ast)) &&
     ast.type === "html" &&
     startWithPragma(ast.value)
   ) {
diff --git a/src/language-markdown/embed.js b/src/language-markdown/embed.js
index 547e90091..1e4c509ba 100644
--- a/src/language-markdown/embed.js
+++ b/src/language-markdown/embed.js
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { getMaxContinuousCount } from "../common/util.js";
+import getMaxContinuousCount from "../utils/get-max-continuous-count.js";
 import { hardline, markAsRoot } from "../document/builders.js";
 import { replaceEndOfLine } from "../document/utils.js";
 import printFrontMatter from "../utils/front-matter/print.js";
diff --git a/src/language-markdown/printer-markdown.js b/src/language-markdown/printer-markdown.js
index 09130ab1c..68b71ff61 100644
--- a/src/language-markdown/printer-markdown.js
+++ b/src/language-markdown/printer-markdown.js
@@ -1,9 +1,7 @@
 import collapseWhiteSpace from "collapse-white-space";
-import {
-  getMinNotPresentContinuousCount,
-  getMaxContinuousCount,
-  getStringWidth,
-} from "../common/util.js";
+import getMinNotPresentContinuousCount from "../utils/get-min-not-present-continuous-count.js";
+import getMaxContinuousCount from "../utils/get-max-continuous-count.js";
+import getStringWidth from "../utils/get-string-width.js";
 import {
   breakParent,
   join,
diff --git a/src/language-yaml/printer-yaml.js b/src/language-yaml/printer-yaml.js
index a721d11f5..0168c26ac 100644
--- a/src/language-yaml/printer-yaml.js
+++ b/src/language-yaml/printer-yaml.js
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import {
   lineSuffix,
 } from "../document/builders.js";
 import { replaceEndOfLine } from "../document/utils.js";
-import { isPreviousLineEmpty } from "../common/util.js";
+import isPreviousLineEmpty from "../utils/is-previous-line-empty.js";
 import UnexpectedNodeError from "../utils/unexpected-node-error.js";
 import { insertPragma, isPragma } from "./pragma.js";
 import { locStart } from "./loc.js";
diff --git a/src/language-yaml/utils.js b/src/language-yaml/utils.js
index 8981844ab..7706b5657 100644
--- a/src/language-yaml/utils.js
+++ b/src/language-yaml/utils.js
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { isNonEmptyArray } from "../common/util.js";
+import isNonEmptyArray from "../utils/is-non-empty-array.js";
 
 /**
  * @param {any} value
diff --git a/src/main/comments/attach.js b/src/main/comments/attach.js
index 19c82f45a..444dc97c3 100644
--- a/src/main/comments/attach.js
+++ b/src/main/comments/attach.js
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import assert from "node:assert";
-import { hasNewline, isNonEmptyArray } from "../../common/util.js";
+import hasNewline from "../../utils/has-newline.js";
+import isNonEmptyArray from "../../utils/is-non-empty-array.js";
 import createGetVisitorKeysFunction from "../create-get-visitor-keys-function.js";
 import {
   addLeadingComment,
diff --git a/src/main/comments/print.js b/src/main/comments/print.js
index f5314a177..4c2a25f54 100644
--- a/src/main/comments/print.js
+++ b/src/main/comments/print.js
@@ -7,13 +7,11 @@ import {
   join,
   label,
 } from "../../document/builders.js";
-import {
-  hasNewline,
-  skipNewline,
-  skipSpaces,
-  isPreviousLineEmpty,
-  isNonEmptyArray,
-} from "../../common/util.js";
+import hasNewline from "../../utils/has-newline.js";
+import skipNewline from "../../utils/skip-newline.js";
+import { skipSpaces } from "../../utils/skip.js";
+import isPreviousLineEmpty from "../../utils/is-previous-line-empty.js";
+import isNonEmptyArray from "../../utils/is-non-empty-array.js";
 
 /**
  * @typedef {import("../../common/ast-path.js").default} AstPath
diff --git a/src/main/core.js b/src/main/core.js
index 346f671c6..fa3929158 100644
--- a/src/main/core.js
+++ b/src/main/core.js
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { diffArrays } from "diff";
 
 import { printDocToString as printDocToStringWithoutNormalizeOptions } from "../document/printer.js";
 import { printDocToDebug } from "../document/debug.js";
-import { getAlignmentSize } from "../common/util.js";
+import getAlignmentSize from "../utils/get-alignment-size.js";
 import {
   guessEndOfLine,
   convertEndOfLineToChars,
diff --git a/src/standalone.js b/src/standalone.js
index b955e52d3..e00a2e747 100644
--- a/src/standalone.js
+++ b/src/standalone.js
@@ -57,6 +57,6 @@ export {
   getSupportInfo,
   debugApis as __debug,
 };
-export * as util from "./common/util-shared.js";
+export * as util from "./utils/public.js";
 export * as doc from "./document/index.js";
 export { default as version } from "./main/version.evaluate.cjs";
diff --git a/src/utils/create-group-id-mapper.js b/src/utils/create-group-id-mapper.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..25fa15b2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/utils/create-group-id-mapper.js
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+/**
+ * @param {string} description
+ * @returns {(node: any) => symbol}
+ */
+function createGroupIdMapper(description) {
+  const groupIds = new WeakMap();
+  return function (node) {
+    if (!groupIds.has(node)) {
+      groupIds.set(node, Symbol(description));
+    }
+    return groupIds.get(node);
+  };
+}
+
+export default createGroupIdMapper;
diff --git a/src/utils/front-matter/is-front-matter.js b/src/utils/front-matter/is-front-matter.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4ef2b5b32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/utils/front-matter/is-front-matter.js
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+function isFrontMatter(node) {
+  return node?.type === "front-matter";
+}
+
+export default isFrontMatter;
diff --git a/src/utils/get-alignment-size.js b/src/utils/get-alignment-size.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..526821ee4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/utils/get-alignment-size.js
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+/**
+ * @param {string} text
+ * @param {number} tabWidth
+ * @param {number=} startIndex
+ * @returns {number}
+ */
+function getAlignmentSize(text, tabWidth, startIndex = 0) {
+  let size = 0;
+  for (let i = startIndex; i < text.length; ++i) {
+    if (text[i] === "\t") {
+      // Tabs behave in a way that they are aligned to the nearest
+      // multiple of tabWidth:
+      // 0 -> 4, 1 -> 4, 2 -> 4, 3 -> 4
+      // 4 -> 8, 5 -> 8, 6 -> 8, 7 -> 8 ...
+      size = size + tabWidth - (size % tabWidth);
+    } else {
+      size++;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return size;
+}
+
+export default getAlignmentSize;
diff --git a/src/utils/get-indent-size.js b/src/utils/get-indent-size.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6d3067f13
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/utils/get-indent-size.js
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+import getAlignmentSize from "./get-alignment-size.js";
+
+/**
+ * @param {string} value
+ * @param {number} tabWidth
+ * @returns {number}
+ */
+function getIndentSize(value, tabWidth) {
+  const lastNewlineIndex = value.lastIndexOf("\n");
+  /* c8 ignore next 3 */
+  if (lastNewlineIndex === -1) {
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  return getAlignmentSize(
+    // All the leading whitespaces
+    value.slice(lastNewlineIndex + 1).match(/^[\t ]*/)[0],
+    tabWidth
+  );
+}
+
+export default getIndentSize;
diff --git a/src/utils/get-max-continuous-count.js b/src/utils/get-max-continuous-count.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..efe27a4f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/utils/get-max-continuous-count.js
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+import escapeStringRegexp from "escape-string-regexp";
+
+/**
+ * @param {string} text
+ * @param {string} searchString
+ * @returns {number}
+ */
+function getMaxContinuousCount(text, searchString) {
+  const results = text.match(
+    new RegExp(`(${escapeStringRegexp(searchString)})+`, "g")
+  );
+
+  if (results === null) {
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  return results.reduce(
+    (maxCount, result) =>
+      Math.max(maxCount, result.length / searchString.length),
+    0
+  );
+}
+
+export default getMaxContinuousCount;
diff --git a/src/utils/get-min-not-present-continuous-count.js b/src/utils/get-min-not-present-continuous-count.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c0d278201
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/utils/get-min-not-present-continuous-count.js
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+import escapeStringRegexp from "escape-string-regexp";
+
+/**
+ * @param {string} text
+ * @param {string} searchString
+ * @returns {number}
+ */
+function getMinNotPresentContinuousCount(text, searchString) {
+  const matches = text.match(
+    new RegExp(`(${escapeStringRegexp(searchString)})+`, "g")
+  );
+
+  if (matches === null) {
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  const countPresent = new Map();
+  let max = 0;
+
+  for (const match of matches) {
+    const count = match.length / searchString.length;
+    countPresent.set(count, true);
+    if (count > max) {
+      max = count;
+    }
+  }
+
+  for (let i = 1; i < max; i++) {
+    if (!countPresent.get(i)) {
+      return i;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return max + 1;
+}
+
+export default getMinNotPresentContinuousCount;
diff --git a/src/utils/text/get-next-non-space-non-comment-character-index.js b/src/utils/get-next-non-space-non-comment-character-index.js
similarity index 100%
rename from src/utils/text/get-next-non-space-non-comment-character-index.js
rename to src/utils/get-next-non-space-non-comment-character-index.js
diff --git a/src/utils/get-next-non-space-non-comment-character.js b/src/utils/get-next-non-space-non-comment-character.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b303050c0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/utils/get-next-non-space-non-comment-character.js
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+import getNextNonSpaceNonCommentCharacterIndex from "./get-next-non-space-non-comment-character-index.js";
+
+/**
+ * @param {string} text
+ * @param {number} startIndex
+ * @returns {string}
+ */
+function getNextNonSpaceNonCommentCharacter(text, startIndex) {
+  const index = getNextNonSpaceNonCommentCharacterIndex(text, startIndex);
+  return index === false ? "" : text.charAt(index);
+}
+
+export default getNextNonSpaceNonCommentCharacter;
diff --git a/src/utils/get-preferred-quote.js b/src/utils/get-preferred-quote.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..700b5e81d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/utils/get-preferred-quote.js
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/**
+ * @typedef {'"' | "'"} Quote
+ */
+
+/**
+ *
+ * @param {string} rawContent
+ * @param {Quote} preferredQuote
+ * @returns {{ quote: Quote, regex: RegExp, escaped: string }}
+ */
+
+function getPreferredQuote(rawContent, preferredQuote) {
+  /** @type {{ quote: '"', regex: RegExp, escaped: "&quot;" }} */
+  const double = { quote: '"', regex: /"/g, escaped: "&quot;" };
+  /** @type {{ quote: "'", regex: RegExp, escaped: "&apos;" }} */
+  const single = { quote: "'", regex: /'/g, escaped: "&apos;" };
+
+  const preferred = preferredQuote === "'" ? single : double;
+  const alternate = preferred === single ? double : single;
+
+  let result = preferred;
+
+  // If `rawContent` contains at least one of the quote preferred for enclosing
+  // the string, we might want to enclose with the alternate quote instead, to
+  // minimize the number of escaped quotes.
+  if (
+    rawContent.includes(preferred.quote) ||
+    rawContent.includes(alternate.quote)
+  ) {
+    const numPreferredQuotes = (rawContent.match(preferred.regex) || []).length;
+    const numAlternateQuotes = (rawContent.match(alternate.regex) || []).length;
+
+    result = numPreferredQuotes > numAlternateQuotes ? alternate : preferred;
+  }
+
+  return result;
+}
+
+export default getPreferredQuote;
diff --git a/src/utils/has-newline-in-range.js b/src/utils/has-newline-in-range.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a32b99534
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/utils/has-newline-in-range.js
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+/**
+ * @param {string} text
+ * @param {number} startIndex
+ * @param {number} endIndex
+ * @returns {boolean}
+ */
+function hasNewlineInRange(text, startIndex, endIndex) {
+  for (let i = startIndex; i < endIndex; ++i) {
+    if (text.charAt(i) === "\n") {
+      return true;
+    }
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+export default hasNewlineInRange;
diff --git a/src/utils/has-newline.js b/src/utils/has-newline.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2340fb444
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/utils/has-newline.js
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+import { skipSpaces } from "./skip.js";
+import skipNewline from "./skip-newline.js";
+
+/** @typedef {import("./skip.js").SkipOptions} SkipOptions */
+
+/**
+ * @param {string} text
+ * @param {number} startIndex
+ * @param {SkipOptions=} options
+ * @returns {boolean}
+ */
+function hasNewline(text, startIndex, options = {}) {
+  const idx = skipSpaces(
+    text,
+    options.backwards ? startIndex - 1 : startIndex,
+    options
+  );
+  const idx2 = skipNewline(text, idx, options);
+  return idx !== idx2;
+}
+
+export default hasNewline;
diff --git a/src/utils/has-spaces.js b/src/utils/has-spaces.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6eef55abc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/utils/has-spaces.js
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+import { skipSpaces } from "./skip.js";
+
+/** @typedef {import("./skip.js").SkipOptions} SkipOptions */
+
+// Not using, but it's public utils
+/* c8 ignore start */
+/**
+ * @param {string} text
+ * @param {number} startIndex
+ * @param {SkipOptions=} options
+ * @returns {boolean}
+ */
+function hasSpaces(text, startIndex, options = {}) {
+  const idx = skipSpaces(
+    text,
+    options.backwards ? startIndex - 1 : startIndex,
+    options
+  );
+  return idx !== startIndex;
+}
+/* c8 ignore stop */
+
+export default hasSpaces;
diff --git a/src/utils/is-next-line-empty.js b/src/utils/is-next-line-empty.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..bef5c0423
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/utils/is-next-line-empty.js
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+import skipNewline from "./skip-newline.js";
+import { skipSpaces, skipToLineEnd } from "./skip.js";
+import skipInlineComment from "./skip-inline-comment.js";
+import skipTrailingComment from "./skip-trailing-comment.js";
+import hasNewline from "./has-newline.js";
+
+/**
+ * @param {string} text
+ * @param {number} startIndex
+ * @returns {boolean}
+ */
+function isNextLineEmpty(text, startIndex) {
+  /** @type {number | false} */
+  let oldIdx = null;
+  /** @type {number | false} */
+  let idx = startIndex;
+  while (idx !== oldIdx) {
+    // We need to skip all the potential trailing inline comments
+    oldIdx = idx;
+    idx = skipToLineEnd(text, idx);
+    idx = skipInlineComment(text, idx);
+    idx = skipSpaces(text, idx);
+  }
+  idx = skipTrailingComment(text, idx);
+  idx = skipNewline(text, idx);
+  return idx !== false && hasNewline(text, idx);
+}
+
+export default isNextLineEmpty;
diff --git a/src/utils/is-previous-line-empty.js b/src/utils/is-previous-line-empty.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2820787a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/utils/is-previous-line-empty.js
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+import skipNewline from "./skip-newline.js";
+import { skipSpaces } from "./skip.js";
+
+// Note: this function doesn't ignore leading comments unlike isNextLineEmpty
+/**
+ * @param {string} text
+ * @param {number} startIndex
+ * @returns {boolean}
+ */
+function isPreviousLineEmpty(text, startIndex) {
+  /** @type {number | false} */
+  let idx = startIndex - 1;
+  idx = skipSpaces(text, idx, { backwards: true });
+  idx = skipNewline(text, idx, { backwards: true });
+  idx = skipSpaces(text, idx, { backwards: true });
+  const idx2 = skipNewline(text, idx, { backwards: true });
+  return idx !== idx2;
+}
+
+export default isPreviousLineEmpty;
diff --git a/src/utils/make-string.js b/src/utils/make-string.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..37eab2690
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/utils/make-string.js
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+/** @typedef {import("./get-preferred-quote.js").Quote} Quote */
+
+/**
+ * @param {string} rawText
+ * @param {Quote} enclosingQuote
+ * @param {boolean=} unescapeUnnecessaryEscapes
+ * @returns {string}
+ */
+function makeString(rawText, enclosingQuote, unescapeUnnecessaryEscapes) {
+  const otherQuote = enclosingQuote === '"' ? "'" : '"';
+
+  // Matches _any_ escape and unescaped quotes (both single and double).
+  const regex = /\\(.)|(["'])/gs;
+
+  // Escape and unescape single and double quotes as needed to be able to
+  // enclose `rawText` with `enclosingQuote`.
+  const raw = rawText.replaceAll(regex, (match, escaped, quote) => {
+    // If we matched an escape, and the escaped character is a quote of the
+    // other type than we intend to enclose the string with, there's no need for
+    // it to be escaped, so return it _without_ the backslash.
+    if (escaped === otherQuote) {
+      return escaped;
+    }
+
+    // If we matched an unescaped quote and it is of the _same_ type as we
+    // intend to enclose the string with, it must be escaped, so return it with
+    // a backslash.
+    if (quote === enclosingQuote) {
+      return "\\" + quote;
+    }
+
+    if (quote) {
+      return quote;
+    }
+
+    // Unescape any unnecessarily escaped character.
+    // Adapted from https://github.com/eslint/eslint/blob/de0b4ad7bd820ade41b1f606008bea68683dc11a/lib/rules/no-useless-escape.js#L27
+    return unescapeUnnecessaryEscapes &&
+      /^[^\n\r"'0-7\\bfnrt-vx\u2028\u2029]$/.test(escaped)
+      ? escaped
+      : "\\" + escaped;
+  });
+
+  return enclosingQuote + raw + enclosingQuote;
+}
+
+export default makeString;
diff --git a/src/utils/print-number.js b/src/utils/print-number.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..489c30ef3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/utils/print-number.js
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+function printNumber(rawNumber) {
+  return (
+    rawNumber
+      .toLowerCase()
+      // Remove unnecessary plus and zeroes from scientific notation.
+      .replace(/^([+-]?[\d.]+e)(?:\+|(-))?0*(?=\d)/, "$1$2")
+      // Remove unnecessary scientific notation (1e0).
+      .replace(/^([+-]?[\d.]+)e[+-]?0+$/, "$1")
+      // Make sure numbers always start with a digit.
+      .replace(/^([+-])?\./, "$10.")
+      // Remove extraneous trailing decimal zeroes.
+      .replace(/(\.\d+?)0+(?=e|$)/, "$1")
+      // Remove trailing dot.
+      .replace(/\.(?=e|$)/, "")
+  );
+}
+
+export default printNumber;
diff --git a/src/utils/print-string.js b/src/utils/print-string.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..21b86308b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/utils/print-string.js
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+import getPreferredQuote from "./get-preferred-quote.js";
+import makeString from "./make-string.js";
+
+/** @typedef {import("./get-preferred-quote.js").Quote} Quote */
+
+function printString(raw, options) {
+  // `rawContent` is the string exactly like it appeared in the input source
+  // code, without its enclosing quotes.
+  const rawContent = raw.slice(1, -1);
+
+  /** @type {Quote} */
+  const enclosingQuote =
+    options.parser === "json" ||
+    (options.parser === "json5" &&
+      options.quoteProps === "preserve" &&
+      !options.singleQuote)
+      ? '"'
+      : options.__isInHtmlAttribute
+      ? "'"
+      : getPreferredQuote(rawContent, options.singleQuote ? "'" : '"').quote;
+
+  // It might sound unnecessary to use `makeString` even if the string already
+  // is enclosed with `enclosingQuote`, but it isn't. The string could contain
+  // unnecessary escapes (such as in `"\'"`). Always using `makeString` makes
+  // sure that we consistently output the minimum amount of escaped quotes.
+  return makeString(
+    rawContent,
+    enclosingQuote,
+    !(
+      options.parser === "css" ||
+      options.parser === "less" ||
+      options.parser === "scss" ||
+      options.__embeddedInHtml
+    )
+  );
+}
+
+export default printString;
diff --git a/src/common/util-shared.js b/src/utils/public.js
similarity index 68%
rename from src/common/util-shared.js
rename to src/utils/public.js
index 58b288561..01558ce09 100644
--- a/src/common/util-shared.js
+++ b/src/utils/public.js
@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
-import {
-  getNextNonSpaceNonCommentCharacterIndex as getNextNonSpaceNonCommentCharacterIndexWithStartIndex,
-  isPreviousLineEmpty as isPreviousLineEmptyWithStartIndex,
-  isNextLineEmpty as isNextLineEmptyAfterIndex,
-} from "./util.js";
+import getNextNonSpaceNonCommentCharacterIndexWithStartIndex from "./get-next-non-space-non-comment-character-index.js";
+import isPreviousLineEmptyWithStartIndex from "./is-previous-line-empty.js";
+import isNextLineEmptyAfterIndex from "./is-next-line-empty.js";
 
 // Legacy version of `getNextNonSpaceNonCommentCharacterIndex`
 /**
@@ -84,29 +82,30 @@ export function isNextLineEmpty(text, startIndex) {
       legacyIsNextLineEmpty(...arguments);
 }
 
+export { default as getMaxContinuousCount } from "./get-max-continuous-count.js";
+export { default as getStringWidth } from "./get-string-width.js";
+export { default as getAlignmentSize } from "./get-alignment-size.js";
+export { default as getIndentSize } from "./get-indent-size.js";
+export { default as skipNewline } from "./skip-newline.js";
+export { default as skipInlineComment } from "./skip-inline-comment.js";
+export { default as skipTrailingComment } from "./skip-trailing-comment.js";
+export { default as hasNewline } from "./has-newline.js";
+export { default as hasNewlineInRange } from "./has-newline-in-range.js";
+export { default as hasSpaces } from "./has-spaces.js";
+export { default as getNextNonSpaceNonCommentCharacter } from "./get-next-non-space-non-comment-character.js";
+export { default as makeString } from "./make-string.js";
 export {
-  getMaxContinuousCount,
-  getStringWidth,
-  getAlignmentSize,
-  getIndentSize,
   skip,
   skipWhitespace,
   skipSpaces,
-  skipNewline,
   skipToLineEnd,
   skipEverythingButNewLine,
-  skipInlineComment,
-  skipTrailingComment,
-  hasNewline,
-  hasNewlineInRange,
-  hasSpaces,
-  getNextNonSpaceNonCommentCharacter,
-  makeString,
-  // Remove this in v4
-  isNextLineEmpty as isNextLineEmptyAfterIndex,
-} from "./util.js";
+} from "./skip.js";
 export {
   addLeadingComment,
   addDanglingComment,
   addTrailingComment,
 } from "../main/comments/utils.js";
+
+// TODO: Remove this in v4
+export { isNextLineEmptyAfterIndex };
diff --git a/src/utils/text/skip-inline-comment.js b/src/utils/skip-inline-comment.js
similarity index 100%
rename from src/utils/text/skip-inline-comment.js
rename to src/utils/skip-inline-comment.js
diff --git a/src/utils/text/skip-newline.js b/src/utils/skip-newline.js
similarity index 100%
rename from src/utils/text/skip-newline.js
rename to src/utils/skip-newline.js
diff --git a/src/utils/text/skip-trailing-comment.js b/src/utils/skip-trailing-comment.js
similarity index 100%
rename from src/utils/text/skip-trailing-comment.js
rename to src/utils/skip-trailing-comment.js
diff --git a/src/utils/text/skip.js b/src/utils/skip.js
similarity index 100%
rename from src/utils/text/skip.js
rename to src/utils/skip.js