Add --cache-location option (#13019)

* Implement searching cache file from `--cache-location` option

* Add tests

* Add docs

* Fix

* Fix doc

* Add changelog

* Update snapshots

* Update docs

* Update docs/cli.md

Co-authored-by: Holger Jeromin <mailgithub@katur.de>

* Fix changelog

* Remove directory support

* Update docs

* Update tests

* Update docs

* Add validation for dir

* Fix comment

* Update option description

* Validate JSON

* Use `path.resolve`

Co-authored-by: Holger Jeromin <mailgithub@katur.de>

docs/cli.md

@@ -225,6 +225,16 @@ Also, since the cache file is stored in `./node_modules/.cache/prettier/.prettie
 
 > Plugins version and implementation are not used as cache keys. We recommend that you delete the cache when updating plugins.
 
+## `--cache-location`
+
+Path to the cache file location used by `--cache` flag. If you don't explicit `--cache-location`, Prettier saves cache file at `./node_modules/.cache/prettier/.prettier-cache`.
+
+If a file path is passed, that file is used as the cache file.
+
+```bash
+prettier --write --cache --cache-location=my_cache_file src
+```
+
 ## `--cache-strategy`
 
 Strategy for the cache to use for detecting changed files. Can be either `metadata` or `content`.