diff --git a/changelog_unreleased/api/17548.md b/changelog_unreleased/api/17548.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d3c6bf6fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog_unreleased/api/17548.md
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+#### Fix plugin loading in `prettier.getFileInfo()` (#17548 by @fisker)
+
+In previous version, `prettier.getFileInfo()` only read `parser` config from `.prettierrc`, but doesn't load plugin to infer parser from plugin `languages`, Prettier main fixed it.
+
+```js
+// prettier-plugin-foo
+export const languages = [
+  {
+    parsers: ["foo"],
+    extensions: [".foo"],
+  },
+];
+```
+
+```yaml
+# .prettierrc
+plugins:
+  - prettier-plugin-foo
+```
+
+```console
+prettier --file-info file.foo
+
+# Prettier stable
+{ "ignored": false, "inferredParser": null }
+
+# Prettier main
+{ "ignored": false, "inferredParser": "foo" }
+```
diff --git a/src/cli/file-info.js b/src/cli/file-info.js
index 377445757..1b21bdfbc 100644
--- a/src/cli/file-info.js
+++ b/src/cli/file-info.js
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import stringify from "fast-json-stable-stringify";
 import { format, getFileInfo } from "../index.js";
 import { printToScreen } from "./utils.js";
 
+// Note: This does not work with `--config-precedence`
 async function logFileInfoOrDie(context) {
   const {
     fileInfo: file,
@@ -15,7 +16,7 @@ async function logFileInfoOrDie(context) {
   const fileInfo = await getFileInfo(path.resolve(file), {
     ignorePath,
     withNodeModules,
-    plugins,
+    plugins: plugins.length > 0 ? plugins : undefined,
     resolveConfig: config !== false,
   });
 
diff --git a/src/common/get-file-info.js b/src/common/get-file-info.js
index d29b8ae51..6a967db6f 100644
--- a/src/common/get-file-info.js
+++ b/src/common/get-file-info.js
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { resolveConfig } from "../config/resolve-config.js";
+import { loadBuiltinPlugins, loadPlugins } from "../main/plugins/index.js";
 import { isIgnored } from "../utils/ignore.js";
 import inferParser from "../utils/infer-parser.js";
 
@@ -13,10 +14,9 @@ import inferParser from "../utils/infer-parser.js";
  * @returns {Promise<FileInfoResult>}
  *
  * Please note that prettier.getFileInfo() expects options.plugins to be an array of paths,
- * not an object. A transformation from this array to an object is automatically done
- * internally by the method wrapper. See withPlugins() in index.js.
+ * not an object.
  */
-async function getFileInfo(file, options) {
+async function getFileInfo(file, options = {}) {
   if (typeof file !== "string" && !(file instanceof URL)) {
     throw new TypeError(
       `expect \`file\` to be a string or URL, got \`${typeof file}\``,
@@ -30,10 +30,9 @@ async function getFileInfo(file, options) {
   }
 
   const ignored = await isIgnored(file, { ignorePath, withNodeModules });
-
   let inferredParser;
   if (!ignored) {
-    inferredParser = await getParser(file, options);
+    inferredParser = options.parser ?? (await getParser(file, options));
   }
 
   return {
@@ -51,7 +50,16 @@ async function getParser(file, options) {
     });
   }
 
-  return config?.parser ?? inferParser(options, { physicalFile: file });
+  if (config?.parser) {
+    return config.parser;
+  }
+
+  let plugins = options.plugins ?? config?.plugins ?? [];
+  plugins = (
+    await Promise.all([loadBuiltinPlugins(), loadPlugins(plugins)])
+  ).flat();
+
+  return inferParser({ plugins }, { physicalFile: file });
 }
 
 export default getFileInfo;
diff --git a/src/index.js b/src/index.js
index cf06e88c9..1ac5a26ad 100644
--- a/src/index.js
+++ b/src/index.js
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ import leven from "leven";
 import picocolors from "picocolors";
 import * as vnopts from "vnopts";
 import * as errors from "./common/errors.js";
-import getFileInfoWithoutPlugins from "./common/get-file-info.js";
 import { mockable } from "./common/mockable.js";
 import {
   clearCache as clearConfigCache,
@@ -84,9 +83,6 @@ async function clearCache() {
   clearPluginCache();
 }
 
-/** @type {typeof getFileInfoWithoutPlugins} */
-const getFileInfo = withPlugins(getFileInfoWithoutPlugins);
-
 /** @type {typeof getSupportInfoWithoutPlugins} */
 const getSupportInfo = withPlugins(getSupportInfoWithoutPlugins, 0);
 
@@ -136,11 +132,11 @@ export {
   clearCache as clearConfigCache,
   format,
   formatWithCursor,
-  getFileInfo,
   getSupportInfo,
   resolveConfig,
   resolveConfigFile,
 };
+export { default as getFileInfo } from "./common/get-file-info.js";
 export * as doc from "./document/public.js";
 export { default as version } from "./main/version.evaluate.js";
 export * as util from "./utils/public.js";
diff --git a/tests/integration/__tests__/__snapshots__/file-info.js.snap b/tests/integration/__tests__/__snapshots__/file-info.js.snap
index ac7edf07c..0f67b3885 100644
--- a/tests/integration/__tests__/__snapshots__/file-info.js.snap
+++ b/tests/integration/__tests__/__snapshots__/file-info.js.snap
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// Jest Snapshot v1, https://goo.gl/fbAQLP
+// Jest Snapshot v1, https://jestjs.io/docs/snapshot-testing
 
 exports[`extracts file-info for a file in not_node_modules  1`] = `
 {
diff --git a/tests/integration/__tests__/file-info.js b/tests/integration/__tests__/file-info.js
index 2fe76dbe1..a9d209645 100644
--- a/tests/integration/__tests__/file-info.js
+++ b/tests/integration/__tests__/file-info.js
@@ -397,6 +397,58 @@ test("API getFileInfo accepts path or URL", async () => {
   expect(resultByRelativePath).toEqual(expectedResult);
 });
 
+test("getFileInfo should support `parser` and `plugins` in options", async () => {
+  {
+    const { inferredParser: parser } = await prettier.getFileInfo(
+      new URL("../cli/file-info/empty-config/foo.js", import.meta.url),
+      {
+        parser: "parser-from-options",
+      },
+    );
+    expect(parser).toBe("parser-from-options");
+  }
+
+  {
+    const { inferredParser: parser } = await prettier.getFileInfo(
+      new URL("../cli/file-info/empty-config/foo.js", import.meta.url),
+    );
+    expect(parser).toBe("babel");
+  }
+
+  {
+    const { inferredParser: parser } = await prettier.getFileInfo(
+      new URL("../cli/file-info/config-with-parser/foo.js", import.meta.url),
+    );
+    expect(parser).toBe("parser-from-prettierrc");
+  }
+
+  {
+    const { inferredParser: parser } = await prettier.getFileInfo(
+      new URL("../cli/file-info/config-with-plugin/file.foo", import.meta.url),
+    );
+    expect(parser).toBe("parser-for-foo-file-from-plugin");
+  }
+
+  {
+    const { stdout } = await runCli("cli/file-info/config-with-plugin", [
+      "--file-info",
+      "file.foo",
+    ]);
+    const { inferredParser: parser } = JSON.parse(stdout);
+    expect(parser).toBe("parser-for-foo-file-from-plugin");
+  }
+
+  {
+    const { inferredParser: parser } = await prettier.getFileInfo(
+      new URL("../cli/file-info/empty-config/file.bar", import.meta.url),
+      {
+        plugins: [new URL("../cli/file-info/plugin.js", import.meta.url)],
+      },
+    );
+    expect(parser).toBe("parser-for-bar-file-from-plugin");
+  }
+});
+
 test("API getFileInfo accepts path or URL as ignorePath", async () => {
   const file = new URL(
     "../cli/ignore-path/file-info-test/ignored-by-customignore.js",
diff --git a/tests/integration/cli/file-info/config-with-parser/.prettierrc b/tests/integration/cli/file-info/config-with-parser/.prettierrc
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..945a5f3af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/integration/cli/file-info/config-with-parser/.prettierrc
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+parser: parser-from-prettierrc
diff --git a/tests/integration/cli/file-info/config-with-plugin/.prettierrc b/tests/integration/cli/file-info/config-with-plugin/.prettierrc
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..64bbc899a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/integration/cli/file-info/config-with-plugin/.prettierrc
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+plugins:
+  - ../plugin.js
diff --git a/tests/integration/cli/file-info/empty-config/.prettierrc b/tests/integration/cli/file-info/empty-config/.prettierrc
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0967ef424
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/integration/cli/file-info/empty-config/.prettierrc
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{}
diff --git a/tests/integration/cli/file-info/plugin.js b/tests/integration/cli/file-info/plugin.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..60027eb1b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/integration/cli/file-info/plugin.js
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+export const languages = [
+  {
+    parsers: ['parser-for-foo-file-from-plugin'],
+    extensions: ['.foo']
+  },
+  {
+    parsers: ['parser-for-bar-file-from-plugin'],
+    extensions: ['.bar']
+  }
+]