Avoid corrupting Markdown URL with <, (, \ (v2) (#19482)

Signed-off-by: Anders Kaseorg <andersk@mit.edu>
Co-authored-by: fisker <lionkay@gmail.com>

changelog_unreleased/markdown/19482.md

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#### Avoid corrupting URL with `<`, `(`, `\` (#19482 by @andersk)
+
+Avoid corrupting a link, image, or link reference definition with with certain characters like `<`, `(`, `\`, by using `<...>` wrapping and `\` escaping as appropriate.
+
+<!-- prettier-ignore -->
+```md
+<!-- Input -->
+[link](<\<(\\>)
+
+<!-- Prettier stable -->
+[link](<(\)
+
+<!-- Prettier main -->
+[link](<\<(\\>)
+```